good communication skill makes the difference

Good examples of this approach can be persuasive approach shown in the situation that gave rise to rule of Mussolini in Italy, the emergence of F.D. Roosevelt of United States of American in the Great Depression of 1992 and the rise of Mao Tse-tung in China in the period after the world war 11. This theory supports the followers’ theory which states that people tent to follow those in whom they perceive as a means of achieving their personal goals, The leader, then, is the person who recognises these goals, and dose this things designed to meet these desires.

   In the research conducted by Stogdil and his associates, it was discovered that, in analysing 470 Navy Officers occupying different positions, their leadership ability was highly influence by such situational factors as their job, the organizational environment and the characteristic of people they asked to lead.

 According to Fiedler, people becomes not only because of the attribute of their personality but also because of various situational variables and the interaction between leaders and the situation. In the other words, Fiedler’s theory implies that leadership is any process in which the ability of a leader to exercise influence depends on the group task situation.

Fiedler Three Critical Dimensions of the Leadership

  The three critical dimensions of the situation that affect a leadership style according to Fiedler are:

1.                  Task Structure: With this dimension, Fiddler had in mind the way task can be clearly divided and people are held responsible for them, in contrast to situations where task are vague and not well structured. In opinion where task are clear, the quality of performance can be easily controlled than where task are ambiguous.

2.                  Position Power: This is the rate to which the power of a position can be distinguished from other sources of power. As Fiddler points out, a leader with clear and considerable position is in a better position to have followers that without such, power.

3.                  Leader –Member Relations: This dimension, Fiddler, in his opinion, regard as most important, since position power and task structure may be largely under the control of an organization, has some relationship to which group members like and trust a leader and are willing to follow him.

Likert’s System of Management

  Rensis Likert and his associates developed certain concept and approached important to good understanding of leadership and Likert is a proponent of participative management. He perceives the effective leader as being originated to subordinate relying heavily n communication to keep all parties working as a

 Unit.

 He formulated four systems of management.  System I management is described as exploitive-authoritative.  These leaders are very autocratic, have little or no true in their subordinates, some of the time use punishment and threat in getting things done, only engage in downward communication. System 2 management is called benevolent-authoritative.  These leaders have a condescending trust in their subordinates, motivates them with some rewards and fear and punishment, to certain extent permit upward communication.  System 3 leader is referred to as consultative.   These leaders have substantial but not absolute confidence and trust in the subordinates. Often, they use rewards with occasional punishment and some participation.

 System 4 leader, he referred to as the moist participative of all and call it participative group.  System 4 leaders have total strut and confidence in their subordinates all the time. They always seek ideas and opinion of their subordinates and constructively use them in making decision. They give reward on the bass of group participation and involvement in such areas as setting goals and achievement of the goals. Likert discovered that those leaders who applied the system 4 approach to their operations have greatest chance of success in their leadership.